Tea Horse Road Chronicles – The Great Bend of the Yangtze

It was here at the ‘first bend of the Yangtze’ in Yunnan province that the Mongolian armies of the Yuan Dynasty crossed the great waterway and would ‘take’ the previously independent region into the greater fold of the Middle Kingdom 中国 (China).

The first bend of the Yangtze River in Yunnan

This was also a key stopping point along the Tea Horse Road where our team would pass through. Wandering through an area of rough overgrown foliage just west of the village of Shigu, we would (with the help of locals) come upon a small grave site with old headstones which were engraved with various designs of the horse. Tiny and inconsequential, it was as if the site had been forgotten except by the mosses and the foliage that reclaimed the bit of space at the base of a mountain. These, we were told, were what was left of a small collection of muleteers and tea traders who had passed away at or near this point upon the trade route over the course of years. A final place of rest with a stunning view for a few who could go no further and for those whose homes and families were distant. Looking ‘up’ the Yangtze we could just begin to make out the snow peaks that marked the unofficial gateway into the Himalayas. As a aside, none of the teas we sipped in this region gave any satisfaction, except for a rippingly pungent bit of Puerh we had with us.

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Tea Horse Chronicles – Remnants

Within the tidy remnants of a former ‘Tea and Horse Trade Office’ in Mingshan County, near Ya’an in Sichuan, Jamyan and I wandered for 25 bizarre and wondrous minutes. As we made our way in to the horse dung and incense-tainted world, it was as though everything briefly became another world. It was here to this ‘office’ that horses that came from Tibet would be brought, traded (and taxed), bought and sold. This office was despised in the past as tax offices are despised everywhere but played host to thousands of horses a year in its time.
Tea Horse Road - Tax Office
Now it played host to three ancient women who showed up daily to sweep the floors, play mahjong, and chat over tea. When we arrived we were told to pay an admittance fee, though it seemed that it was up to us whether we did or didn’t. We did and walked ourselves through the damp and dark spaces that had seen so much life of the Tea Horse Road. This portrait was taken just as we left, and as much as I didn’t want to disturb the three elders, I couldn’t help but ask. The whole place felt lonely and forgotten and so did the ladies. I expected a rejection from her when I asked, but she just nodded and that was it. As we left the decaying little remnant of trade from another time, one of the ladies said “Thanks for coming”.
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The Tea Sessions – A New Column with Outpost Magazine

Given the span of time and efforts to immerse in leaves and the lives connected to tea, there aren’t many more satisfying additions than starting up a tea column (in joyous  collaboration with Outpost Magazine). These pieces will comprise ‘The Tea Sessions’ and they’ll take place in the midst of blizzards in the Himalayas, be inundated with butter, formality in Tokyo, ripping tea buzzes in Taiwan or simply serving Paniolos from my own stash here in Hawaii. It is about a coming together and a kind of union, however informal.

Tea Sessions and Sips of Tea

The idea is based upon a set of tea journeys that involve some of the more epic characters, moments that rip into the very bloodstream, and spaces and efforts dedicated to the leaf. Though The Tea Sessions doesn’t and won’t really do justice to the characters and the intimate spaces, ‘tea’ is the inextricable resin that binds all of these elements together.

The Tea Sessions and Tea Kettles

Inevitably most of these elements don’t necessarily involve the ‘best’ teas – or sometimes even good teas – but they all involve an immersion into – and efforts dedicated to stimulation and restoration…or just very large characters who know well the art of generosity, in a time that is so in need of this old code of simple giving and providing. A tea-fuelled set of journeys that touch upon the stimulant fuel but most often about a dive into the visceral moments that blow the whole internal system side open.

The Tea Sessions in Every Space

It will be about the tea, yes, as it is this vegetal elixir and panacea of which so much of the column is about – but it will also about attempting to conjure up the sensory moments as well.

On we go…and best taken with a sip of something.

The Tea Sessions and the Ceremony

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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – Other Tales and Sight

Not all stories of the Tea Horse Road were ones of grand expanses, snow caps, or buzzing tea sessions. A friend from the Yi minority invited me to visit his grandmother who had tales of her own to tell. She had lost two members of her family decades ago upon the route in separate incidents. One went missing and one died in a accident. In her nineties and not certain of her own exact age, she hosted us for three days, serving teas, running around to ensure we were comfortable and fed. She largely subsisted on a diet of raw chicken eggs mixed with sugar and a splash of local alcohol. It was only close to our departure that we were told that she was all but blind and that her movements were almost entirely by memory. She herself remains in the memory.
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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – Fields vs Forests

Blankets and ridges of green stimulant leaf lie in rows near Puerh. Here the leaf is entirely industry. Gorgeous industry, but still industry. Local Hani, Han, Yi, Lahu, and Dai pluckers shimmy through the humid air to pluck, pluck, and pluck some more. My guide here amidst the fields, “Little Rabbit”, mentioned how in his family “only wants to drink tea, not work with tea”. We stood with a 360 degree amphitheatre of young and medium growth bushes around us. Though beautiful, I craved the rampant old growth forests which retain still something of a world beyond simply the commerce of a leaf that I’ll never stop being in love with. There is a quote that I think embodies the world of tea from a tea selling friend of mine in Jinghong, Yunnan,”It is the teas from the messy beauty of the forests that the dedicates crave, rather than the teas from the ‘perfect’ fields”.
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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – Empress of Cloth

Ponzera, or Benzilan as it is now known, is a small valley town in northwestern Yunnan that lies alongside a headwater stream of the Yangtze River. For its size and population, its contributions to the Tea Horse Road spanned vast and deep. Rhododendron roots carved into butter tea bowls, humour, and some of the better muleteers hailed from this town of heat. Another and more rare commodity was also sourced here: fine stitched fabrics that were coveted in Lhasa and beyond. Sitting with this matron sipping tea, we listened to how her family over generations had been weaving and stitching fabrics for traders to take east to Lhasa. She spoke with a quiet dignity and pride of her lineage and contributions to the great highway through the sky or the ‘Eternal Road’ as some referred to the Tea Horse Road. Auntie Lhamo was riveting and commanding in every micro movement and breath and our team sat around her, enthralled and perhaps in a kind of adoration and love. Majestic, she wasn’t at all surprised that we sought to to meet with her in her home, saying: “You should come to see me. I have the Tea Horse Road in my blood”.
 
Her tea too, was imperious with fresh thick yak butter , with a heavy salt tang, gathered from nearby brine wells. As friend and team member on the expedition would say later, “You can tell much about a person by the tea they serve”. And so, the Empress’ offering mirrored her character perfectly.
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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – Way Out, and Out Again

Yeshi and I shared tea with this old memory palace of time. Goat milk and butter were used instead of yak variations. The tea was deadly but his memories as he recounted the days of watching caravans along a portion of the Tea Horse Road head south into Bhutan, Nepal, and India were warm and clear. It was such memories that ensured that lifeblood remained in the tale of Tea Horse Road’s legacy. Portions of the physical route remain in small cobbled sections or mere pathways within Yunnan, Sichuan, and upon the Tibetan Plateau, but it is in the telling and listening to the tales that something flickers back to life. He, and his tea, relit some of those flickers.
Portait along the Tea Horse Road
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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – There Are No Straight Lines Through the Mountains

Not heeding the warnings of Sonam Gelek; I should have known better at this stage of our journey than to plunge onwards without his counsel…but onwards I plunged. Consistently accurate and intuitive, Sonam had warned against our team traversing a long series of ridges blanketed by snow. I was convinced otherwise, certain that with a pending storm mottling the sky, the time of day, and the weight of our packs, that we needed to try the more direct route. Sonam politely refused and told me to scout out the intended path on my own. A lonely slog up to stop and realize that there are no straight lines through the mountains. I took a couple of heaves of snow-tainted air, forgot about everything – forgot the destination, my own impetuousness, the expedition, everything! Sonam came up saw this, took it in silently, and smiled. We turned and descended but not before being gifted a few moments of that snowscape.

Tea Horse Road - Tea and Mountains

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Tea Horse Road Chronicles – Blessings and Warnings

It was from this patch of grassland near Napa Lake, just north of my home in Dukezong (old town of ‘Shangrila’) that our expedition departed. Kit, maps, dried goods, 3 kg’s of Puerh in brick and cake form, and a relief that finally we would actually physically commence a journey that was three years in the making…all of these elements were present. It was a still day of cool, grey nothing and the Tea Horse Road seemed in many ways but a memory in many of the elders minds. No winds, no glowing mountain sun, no anthems, no snow and no partying or grand send off. A slate grey canopy that said little, enveloped everything. At last, before our departure, a last vital: a blessing. It involved a lama and two monks from the local Songtsanling Monastery. Mantras to the protective deities, chanting, gossip, laughs, and heaps of butter tea were shared, before finally some words from the elder of the monks (at far left in yellow tuque) that told of the ‘perils’ of journeys along the Tea Horse Road. Two pieces of advice that sealed this particular moment were: “Don’t fall in love on the route”, and “When in doubt wait. When you are lost in the mountains you must sit and think with your good brain….think!” We would sit and think a lot on the journey, get lost a lot, and fall in love a few times. The monk’s words would clang around in the mind on most days of our 7.5 month journey and this image fixes that moment back into the sacred moment of ‘now’…at least briefly.
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Tea Horse Chronicles – Tea’s Value

“Tea is our everything. I don’t know where it comes from but we take it every day in the morning, afternoon, and night. Our children learn to make it when they are young but we must help them get the taste right”.
Simple words from a nomad and father on the subject of that eternal fuel, tea. Taken at close to 5,000 metres near Shinzhugong, in western Sichuan’s Ganze area the words tell succinctly of the value of a desiccated leaf to a people who count few luxuries.
“With tea and our yak, we are complete”, he would say later.
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